Good residual values – expect a Lupo to be worth around 57% of its bought-new price after three years. Volkswagen dealers tend to be pricey when it comes to servicing. Good fuel economy and decent insurance groupings.

Lupo is an environmentally friendly model. With an average of 149 g/km CO2 across the line-up, its emissions are comparably low for a mini hatchback. Eco-conscious buyers should consider the 1.0-litre petrol, which is one of the greenest models in the range. The range is impressively frugal, averaging 48 mpg.

Generally reliable. Users of parkers.co.uk have reported a few minor problems regarding catalytic converters and gearboxes. Interior build quality is exceptional with high-quality materials used throughout. Rattly trim and unexplained squeaks are rare.